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🪪 新泽西州 · 驾照与车辆手续

Licensing & Your Vehicle — 共 20 道题。每题附答案、讲解和手册出处；想自测的话去 练习模式，想按官方格式考一次去 模拟考试。

1. 新泽西州MVC基础驾照笔试有多少道题？

How many questions are on the New Jersey MVC knowledge test for a basic license?

  1. 100道题 / 100 questions
  2. 50道题，另加一道关于器官捐赠的调查问题 / 50 questions, plus a survey question about organ donation 正确答案
  3. 25道题 / 25 questions
  4. 40道题 / 40 questions

笔试共50道题，另有一道关于器官捐赠的调查问题，不计入考试成绩。

The knowledge test consists of 50 questions, plus a survey question about organ donation that is not part of the scored test.

出处 Source：Chapter 2, New Jersey Driver Testing — Knowledge Test · 官方手册 Official handbook

2. 通过新泽西州笔试需要什么分数？

What score do you need to pass the New Jersey knowledge test?

  1. 90%——50道题中答对45道 / 90 percent — 45 of 50 correct
  2. 任何分数都可以，只要通过视力测试 / Any score, as long as the vision test is passed
  3. 80%——50道题中答对40道 / 80 percent — 40 of the 50 questions answered correctly 正确答案
  4. 70%——50道题中答对35道 / 70 percent — 35 of 50 correct

通过标准是80%，即50道题中答对40道。

Passing requires 80 percent, which is 40 correct answers out of the 50 questions on the test.

出处 Source：Chapter 2, New Jersey Driver Testing — Test Requirements · 官方手册 Official handbook

3. 新泽西州基础驾照申请人的最低视力标准是什么？

What is the minimum vision standard for a basic New Jersey license applicant?

  1. 双眼视力20/20 / 20/20 vision in both eyes
  2. 不戴镜片时视力20/100 / 20/100 vision without lenses
  3. 基础驾照没有视力筛查 / There is no vision screening for a basic license
  4. 戴或不戴矫正镜片时视力达到20/50 / 20/50 vision with or without corrective lenses 正确答案

基础驾照申请人需要戴或不戴矫正镜片达到20/50视力。只有一只眼睛有视力的申请人，该眼必须达到20/50标准并提供医生证明。

Basic license applicants need 20/50 vision with or without corrective lenses. An applicant with sight in one eye only must meet the 20/50 standard in that eye and provide physician documentation.

出处 Source：Chapter 2, New Jersey Driver Testing — Test Requirements · 官方手册 Official handbook

4. 申请新泽西州标准驾照时，6分身份验证要求申请人出示什么？

What must a Standard New Jersey license applicant present for 6-Point ID Verification?

  1. 至少一份主要文件、至少一份次要文件、合计六分的身份文件，以及新泽西州居住地址证明 / At least one primary document, at least one secondary document, documents totaling six points of ID, and proof of a New Jersey residential address 正确答案
  2. 申请人自选的任意六份文件 / Any six documents of the applicant's choice
  3. 只有出生证明和社会安全卡 / Only a birth certificate and a Social Security card
  4. 六张照片和一份水电费账单 / Six photographs and a utility bill

6分系统要求至少一份主要文件和一份次要文件、总计六分，外加新泽西州居住证明——且1分文件最多只能使用两份。

The 6-Point system requires at least one primary and one secondary document, six points in total, plus proof of New Jersey residency — with no more than two 1-point documents allowed.

出处 Source：Chapter 1, The New Jersey Driver License System — Identity Verification · 官方手册 Official handbook

5. REAL ID验证与标准驾照要求有何不同？

How does REAL ID verification differ from the Standard license requirements?

  1. 它只需要年龄证明 / It only requires proof of age
  2. 它遵循2+1+6模式：两份新泽西州居住地址证明、一份完整的社会安全号码证明和六分身份文件 / It follows a 2+1+6 model: two proofs of New Jersey residential address, one proof of full Social Security number, and six points of ID 正确答案
  3. 它完全不需要文件 / It requires no documents at all
  4. 它需要十二分身份文件 / It requires twelve points of ID

REAL ID申请人必须满足2+1+6模式——两份居住地址证明、一份完整的社会安全号码证明和六分身份文件，包括证明在美国合法居留的文件。

REAL ID applicants must satisfy the 2+1+6 model — two proofs of residential address, one proof of full Social Security number, and six points of identification, including documents verifying authorized presence in the United States.

出处 Source：Chapter 1, The New Jersey Driver License System — Identity Verification · 官方手册 Official handbook

6. 根据GDL“早鸟路线”（选项A），新泽西州居民几岁可以获得特殊学习许可证（Special Learner Permit）？

Under the GDL Early Bird Road (Option A), at what age can a New Jersey resident get a Special Learner Permit?

  1. 至少17岁 / At least 17 years old
  2. 至少18岁 / At least 18 years old
  3. 至少16岁 / At least 16 years old 正确答案
  4. 至少15岁 / At least 15 years old

“早鸟路线”从16岁开始获得特殊学习许可证，需要父母或监护人签署同意书，并报名参加经批准的实际驾驶培训课程。

The Early Bird Road starts at 16 with a Special Learner Permit, which requires signed parent or guardian consent and enrollment in an approved behind-the-wheel driver training course.

出处 Source：Chapter 1, The New Jersey Driver License System — Graduated Driver License (GDL): The Early Bird Road · 官方手册 Official handbook

7. 特殊学习许可证的经批准的实际驾驶课程包括什么？由谁购买许可证？

What does the approved behind-the-wheel course for a Special Learner Permit involve, and who purchases the permit?

  1. 两个小时的课堂学习；学生在线购买许可证 / Two hours of classroom study; the student purchases the permit online
  2. 与父母进行二十小时练习；由父母购买许可证 / Twenty hours of practice with a parent; the parent purchases the permit
  3. 一个周末研讨会；由学区购买许可证 / A weekend seminar; the school district purchases the permit
  4. 在双控制车辆中进行六个完整小时的实际驾驶教学；由经批准的教练购买许可证 / Six full hours of behind-the-wheel instruction in a dual-controlled vehicle; the approved instructor must purchase the permit 正确答案

经批准的课程是在双控制车辆中进行六个完整小时的实际驾驶教学，不包括在MVC花费的时间。许可证由教练购买，MVC只在课程完成后才予以验证。

An approved course is six full hours of behind-the-wheel instruction in a dual-controlled vehicle, not counting time spent at the MVC. The instructor purchases the permit, and the MVC validates it only after the course is completed.

出处 Source：Chapter 1, The New Jersey Driver License System — Special Learner Permits for New Jersey Residents · 官方手册 Official handbook

8. 根据GDL“青年路线”（选项B），考试许可证（Examination Permit）的最低年龄是多少？

Under the GDL Young Adult Road (Option B), what is the minimum age for an Examination Permit?

  1. 至少17岁 / At least 17 years old 正确答案
  2. 至少16岁 / At least 16 years old
  3. 至少18岁 / At least 18 years old
  4. 至少21岁 / At least 21 years old

“青年路线”的考试许可证在17岁时可以获得，18岁以下申请人需要父母或监护人同意。与特殊学习许可证不同，它不需要报名培训课程，也不需要教练。

The Examination Permit on the Young Adult Road is available at 17, with parent or guardian consent required for applicants under 18. Unlike the Special Learner Permit, it does not require enrollment in a training course or an instructor.

出处 Source：Chapter 1, The New Jersey Driver License System — Graduated Driver License (GDL): The Young Adult Road · 官方手册 Official handbook

9. 在GDL“成人路线”（选项C，21岁及以上）中，获得试用驾照前，监督练习必须持续多久？

On the GDL Adult Road (Option C, age 21 and over), how long must supervised practice last before the probationary license?

  1. 任何年龄都不需要练习期 / No practice period is required at any age
  2. 至少三个月的监督驾驶练习 / At least three months of supervised practice driving 正确答案
  3. 至少六个月，外加记录50小时 / At least six months, plus 50 logged hours
  4. 至少一年的监督练习 / At least one year of supervised practice

成人路线申请人在获得试用驾照前，至少进行三个月的监督练习。六个月练习期和50小时要求适用于21岁以下的GDL路线。

Adult Road applicants practice under supervision for at least three months before the probationary license. The six-month practice period and 50-hour requirement apply to the under-21 GDL routes.

出处 Source：Chapter 1, The New Jersey Driver License System — Graduated Driver License (GDL): The Adult Road · 官方手册 Official handbook

10. 一名17岁的考试许可证持有人正在完成监督练习。适用哪些练习时间要求？

A 17-year-old Examination Permit holder is completing supervised practice. What practice-time requirements apply?

  1. 至少20小时，全部在白天 / At least 20 hours, all during daylight
  2. 与任何持证乘客练习一个月 / One month of practice with any licensed passenger
  3. 至少六个月的监督驾驶，包括至少50小时练习，其中至少10小时在黑暗中进行 / At least six months of supervised driving, including a minimum of 50 practice hours with at least 10 hours during darkness 正确答案
  4. 至少三个月，没有规定的小时数 / At least three months with no set number of hours

21岁以下的GDL许可证持有人必须练习至少六个月，并记录至少50小时，其中包括10小时夜间练习，并在领证时出示监督驾驶证明表予以证明。

Under-21 GDL permit holders must practice at least six months and log a minimum of 50 practice hours, including 10 hours during darkness, certified on the Certification of Supervised Driving form presented at licensure.

出处 Source：Chapter 1, The New Jersey Driver License System — Graduated Driver License (GDL) · 官方手册 Official handbook

11. 试用驾照持有人在获得基础驾照（Basic Driver License）前必须完成什么？最低年龄是多少？

What must a probationary license holder complete before getting a Basic Driver License, and at what minimum age?

  1. 六个月的无监督驾驶，17岁时 / Six months of unsupervised driving, at age 17
  2. 21岁时进行第二次路考 / A second road test at age 21
  3. 无需其他步骤；试用驾照在17岁时自动转换 / Nothing further; the probationary license converts automatically at 17
  4. 至少一年遵守试用期限制的无监督驾驶，且至少年满18岁 / At least one year of unsupervised driving observing probationary restrictions, and be at least 18 years old 正确答案

GDL的最后一步要求至少一年遵守试用期限制的无监督驾驶，且司机必须至少18岁才能获得无限制的基础驾照——并在12个月后前往MVC许可中心办理升级。

The final GDL step requires at least one year of unsupervised driving under probationary restrictions, and the driver must be at least 18 to receive the unrestricted basic license — and must visit an MVC Licensing Center to upgrade after the 12 months.

出处 Source：Chapter 1, The New Jersey Driver License System — Graduated Driver License (GDL) · 官方手册 Official handbook

12. 新泽西州21岁以下的GDL许可证持有人或试用司机在哪些时段不得驾驶？

During which hours may a GDL permit holder or probationary driver under 21 NOT drive in New Jersey?

  1. 晚上11:01至凌晨5:00之间 / Between 11:01 p.m. and 5:00 a.m. 正确答案
  2. 午夜至凌晨6:00之间 / Between midnight and 6:00 a.m.
  3. 晚上9:00至凌晨6:00之间 / Between 9:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m.
  4. GDL没有限制时段 / There are no restricted hours under the GDL

GDL时段限制禁止21岁以下的许可证和试用司机在晚上11:01至凌晨5:00之间驾驶，只有出于就业或宗教需要并有文件证明时才能豁免。

The GDL hours restriction prohibits driving between 11:01 p.m. and 5:00 a.m. for under-21 permit and probationary drivers, with documented exemptions only for employment or religious needs.

出处 Source：Chapter 1, The New Jersey Driver License System — Permit and Probationary License Restrictions · 官方手册 Official handbook

13. 21岁以下的试用驾照持有人可以搭载哪些乘客？

Who may ride as passengers with a probationary license holder under 21?

  1. 只有25岁以上的乘客 / Only passengers over the age of 25
  2. 驾照持有人的受抚养人，外加一名额外乘客，除非父母或监护人也在车内 / Dependents of the license holder and one additional passenger, unless a parent or guardian is also in the vehicle 正确答案
  3. 不限数量的朋友 / An unlimited number of friends
  4. 第一年完全不能搭载乘客 / No passengers at all during the first year

试用期乘客限制允许持有人的受抚养人外加一名额外乘客；当父母或监护人陪同时，这一额外乘客限制取消。车内所有人都必须系安全带。

Probationary passenger limits allow the holder's dependents plus one additional passenger; the one-extra-passenger limit is lifted when a parent or guardian accompanies the driver. Everyone in the vehicle must wear a seat belt.

出处 Source：Chapter 1, The New Jersey Driver License System — Probationary Driver License Restrictions · 官方手册 Official handbook

14. 21岁以下的GDL司机必须展示什么贴标？贴在哪里？

What decals must a GDL driver under 21 display, and where?

  1. 车顶上的学员司机标志 / A student-driver sign on the roof of the vehicle
  2. 贴标是可选的，仅作推荐 / Decals are optional and only recommended
  3. 两个醒目的红色反光贴标——一个贴在前车牌左上角，一个贴在后车牌左上角 / Two visible red reflective decals — one on the top-left corner of the front license plate and one on the top-left corner of the rear plate 正确答案
  4. 一个贴在后挡风玻璃上的蓝色贴标 / One blue decal on the rear windshield

21岁以下的许可证和试用司机必须展示两个通过MVC提供的红色反光贴标，贴在其驾驶的任何车辆的两个车牌左上角。一对价格为4美元。

Under-21 permit and probationary drivers must display two red reflective decals provided through the MVC, placed on the top-left corners of both license plates of any vehicle they operate. A pair costs $4.

出处 Source：Chapter 1, The New Jersey Driver License System — GDL Decal · 官方手册 Official handbook

15. 谁有资格担任许可证持有人的成年监督司机？

Who qualifies as the adult supervising driver for a permit holder?

  1. 任何18岁以上、持有任何州驾照的乘客 / Any passenger over 18 with a license from any state
  2. 父母，无论年龄或驾照状态如何 / A parent, regardless of age or license status
  3. 坐在车内任何位置的持证司机 / Any licensed driver sitting anywhere in the vehicle
  4. 坐在前排、至少21岁、持有有效的新泽西州驾照且至少有三年驾驶经验的司机 / A driver in the front seat who is at least 21 years old, holds a valid New Jersey driver license, and has at least three years of driving experience 正确答案

监督司机必须坐在前排，并满足全部三个条件：21岁或以上、持有有效的新泽西州驾照、至少三年驾驶经验。

The supervising driver must sit in the front seat and meet all three tests: age 21 or older, a valid New Jersey license, and a minimum of three years of driving experience.

出处 Source：Chapter 1, The New Jersey Driver License System — Permit Restrictions · 官方手册 Official handbook

16. GDL许可证持有人可以在驾驶时使用免提手机吗？

May a GDL permit holder use a hands-free cell phone while driving?

  1. 不可以——GDL持有人在驾驶时不得使用手持或免提手机或任何其他电子设备 / No — GDL holders may not use hand-held or hands-free cell phones or any other electronic devices while driving 正确答案
  2. 可以——所有司机都可以使用免提设备 / Yes — hands-free devices are allowed for all drivers
  3. 可以——但只能打电话，不能导航 / Yes — but only for calls, not for navigation
  4. 可以——在练习的前六个月之后 / Yes — after the first six months of practice

GDL对电子设备的禁令对许可证和试用司机是全面的：手持设备和免提设备都不允许，即使完全持证司机可以使用免提设备。

The GDL electronics ban is total for permit and probationary drivers: no hand-held devices and no hands-free devices either, even though hands-free use is permitted for fully licensed drivers.

出处 Source：Chapter 1, The New Jersey Driver License System — Permit and Probationary License Restrictions · 官方手册 Official handbook

17. 你在新泽西州内搬到新地址。必须多快向MVC报告变更？

You move to a new address within New Jersey. How quickly must you report the change to the MVC?

  1. 只在驾照续期时 / Only when the license is renewed
  2. 搬家后一周内 / Within one week after moving 正确答案
  3. 搬家后两周内 / Within two weeks after moving
  4. 搬家后60天内 / Within 60 days after moving

地址变更必须在搬家后一周内向MVC报告，包括搬出新泽西州的情况。相比之下，法定姓名变更必须在两周内报告。

An address change must be reported to the MVC within one week after moving, including moves out of New Jersey. By contrast, a legal name change must be reported within two weeks.

出处 Source：Chapter 1, The New Jersey Driver License System — Laws Governing Driver Licenses · 官方手册 Official handbook

18. 你持有其他州的有效驾照搬到新泽西州。你必须怎么做？

You move to New Jersey holding a valid license from another state. What must you do?

  1. 保留两本驾照；新泽西州允许持有两本驾照 / Keep both licenses; New Jersey allows holding two licenses
  2. 在一年内申请；没有更早的期限 / Apply within one year; there is no earlier deadline
  3. 在60天内（CDL为30天）或在现驾照到期之前（以较早者为准）申请新泽西州驾照，并交出外州驾照 / Apply for a New Jersey license within 60 days (30 days for a CDL) or before your current license expires, whichever is sooner, and surrender the out-of-state license 正确答案
  4. 等外州驾照到期后再申请 / Wait until your out-of-state license expires, then apply

新居民必须在60天内——商用驾照为30天——或在旧驾照到期之前（以较早者为准）申请，并在领取新泽西州驾照时交出外州驾照。

New residents must apply within 60 days — 30 days for commercial licenses — or before the old license expires, whichever comes first, and the out-of-state license is surrendered when the New Jersey license is issued.

出处 Source：Chapter 1, The New Jersey Driver License System — Laws Governing Driver Licenses · 官方手册 Official handbook

19. 新泽西州驾照的有效期是多久？21岁以下驾照在外观上有何不同？

How long is a New Jersey driver license valid, and how do under-21 licenses differ in appearance?

  1. 驾照有效期为八年，格式没有区别 / Licenses are valid for eight years, with no format difference
  2. 驾照有效期为两年，21岁以下驾照是红色的 / Licenses are valid for two years, and under-21 licenses are red
  3. 驾照有效期为五年，21岁以下驾照与其他驾照一样是横版的 / Licenses are valid for five years, and under-21 licenses are horizontal like all others
  4. 驾照有效期为四年，21岁以下司机获得独特的竖版格式驾照 / Licenses are valid for four years, and motorists under 21 receive a distinctive vertical-format license 正确答案

新泽西州驾照和身份证有效期为四年。21岁以下司机获得竖版卡片，以便一眼看出其年龄组；在卡片邮寄期间会发一张有效期30天的临时驾照。

New Jersey licenses and IDs are valid for four years. Drivers under 21 are issued a vertical-format card so their age group is obvious at a glance, and a temporary license valid for 30 days is issued while the card is mailed.

出处 Source：Chapter 1, The New Jersey Driver License System — Types of New Jersey Licenses · 官方手册 Official handbook

20. 违反GDL限制（例如乘客或时段限制）会受到什么处罚？

What penalty applies for violating GDL restrictions, such as the passenger or hours limits?

  1. 罚款100美元或暂停司机的驾驶资格 / A fine of $100 or suspension of the motorist's driving privilege 正确答案
  2. 前三次违章只有口头警告 / Only a verbal warning for the first three violations
  3. 罚款500美元并立即吊销许可证 / A fine of $500 and immediate loss of the permit
  4. 100小时社区服务 / Community service of 100 hours

GDL限制必须严格遵守：不遵守者可能被罚款100美元或暂停驾驶资格。

GDL restrictions must be strictly followed: failure to adhere to them may result in a $100 fine or suspension of the motorist's driving privilege.

出处 Source：Chapter 1, The New Jersey Driver License System — Graduated Driver License (GDL) · 官方手册 Official handbook

用练习模式做这个专题 回新泽西州主页